Published Date: 2019-09-12 17:02:57
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - South Africa: (LP) bovine, serotype SAT 1, OIE
Archive Number: 20190912.6669655
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - SOUTH AFRICA: (LIMPOPO) BOVINE, SEROTYPE SAT 1, OIE
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Date: Tue 10 Sep 2019
Source: OIE, WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database), weekly disease information 2019; 32(37) [edited]
https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=31666
Foot-and-mouth disease, South Africa
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Information received on [and dated] 10 Sep 2019 from Dr. Bothle Michael Modisane, chief director, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Animal Production and Health, Pretoria, South Africa
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 2 Sep 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 6 Sep 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Apr 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: foot-and-mouth disease [FMD] virus
Serotype: SAT 1
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks:
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak location (FMD_LIM_2019_001), Musina, Limpopo
Date of start of the outbreak: 2 Sep 2019
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 5000 / 44 / 0 / 0 / 0
Affected population: Within South Africa's FMD Protection Zone
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed as percentages]
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle/ 0.88 / 0 / 0 / 0
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: Contact with wild species
Epidemiological comments: Outbreak occurred in South Africa's FMD Protection Zone. Coordinates modified to protect confidentiality as required by South African Legislation.
Control measures
Measures applied: movement control inside the country; surveillance within containment and/or protection zone; quarantine; zoning; vaccination prohibited; no treatment of affected animals.
Measures to be applied: Vaccination in response to the outbreak (s)
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type / Species / Test / Test date / Result
Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI), Transboundary Animal Diseases Programme (TADP) (OIE Reference Laboratory) / Cattle / polymerase chain reaction (PCR) / 6 Sep 2019 / Positive
Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI), Transboundary Animal Diseases Programme (TADP) (OIE Reference Laboratory) / Cattle / Solid-phase competitive ELISA / 6 Sep 2019 / Positive
Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the interactive map included in the OIE report at the source URL above.]
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
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[The European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD) monthly report "Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Situation," January 2019, notes that:
"Five FMD outbreaks due to serotype SAT 2 were reported between September 2018 and January 2019 in cattle of Cabane, Makhado and Greater Giyani, Limpopo. These events caused the suspension of the country's FMD Free Zone. ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute carried out diagnosis. The source of the outbreaks was attributed to contact with wild species. Control measures are put into place, but not vaccination which at present is prohibited.
"Interpretation: This report is consistent with previous reports. The causative serotype is believed to circulate endemically in the country within wildlife in the Kruger National park. The affected areas surround the park and therefore the event is not unexpected given the country's policy of non-vaccination even in the high-risk areas. Infection is likely a spillover from wildlife in the Kruger national Park. Affected area is their surveillance zone outside the clean zone". Source: https://tinyurl.com/y3ebeeh8
The event mentioned in the FAO/EuFMD report was communicated to the OIE as resolved on 30 Apr 2019. The final report is available at https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapEventSummary&reportid=30398. See event summary and map at https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review/viewsummary?reportid=26739.
To date (12 Sep 2019), the suspension of the country's FMD Free Zone is still in place; see https://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-in-the-world/official-disease-status/fmd/suspensionreinstatement-of-status/#c161.
A map of Southern Africa, OIE Member's official FMD status can be seen at https://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/js/images/fmd/FMD_SouthernAfrica_ENG.png. - Mod.CRD
HealthMap/ProMED map available at:
Limpopo Province, South Africa: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/2947]
