Published Date: 2022-06-30 15:18:21 BST
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Palestinian Auth (03): (WE) st O, spread
Archive Number: 20220630.8704159
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY (03): (WEST BANK) SEROTYPE O, SPREAD
A ProMED-mail post http://www.promedmail.org
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Date: Sun 26 Jun 2022
Source: WOAH (World Organization for Animal Health) (formerly OIE) [abridged, edited]
https://wahis.woah.org/#/report-info?reportId=56187
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (Inf. with), Palestine: Follow-up report 7
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Event start: 12 Dec 2021
Confirmed: 14 Dec 2021
Causal agent: Foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O [genotyped ME-SA PanAsia-2 ANT-10]
Last previous occurrence: 19 Jun 2019
Epidemiology
Source of the event or origin of the infection: Contact with wild species; legal movement of animals; introduction of new live animals
Quantitative data summary [since the start of the event]
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Cattle / 1820 / 46 / 25 / 0 / 0 / 95
Sheep / 1235 / 260 / 4 / 0 / 0 / 23
Sheep & goats (mixed herd) / 762 / 60 / 17 / 0 / 0
All species total / 3817 / 366 / 46 / 0 / 0 / 118
1. Hadidiya
Started: 12 Dec 2021
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Tubas
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: Unvaccinated farm
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Sheep & goats (mixed herd): 172 / 40 / 5 / - / - / -
2. Dura
Started: 25 Apr 2022
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Hebron
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: Sheep, 2 years old
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Sheep: 35 / 10 / 2 / - / - / 23
3. Qilqis
Started: 15 May 2022
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Hebron
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: Unvaccinated farm
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Cattle: 1700 / 6 / 5 / 0 /0 / 95
4. Jericho governorate (Marj Na'je), southwest border of Tubas and Nablus governorates
Started: 3 Jan 2022
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Tubas
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: A nomadic farm. Domestic cattle breed in the same area but in Jericho governorate, southwest border of Tubas and Nablus governorates, where the 3 last outbreaks were reported. Border area with Jordan with huge grazing area. Wild pigs in direct contact with nomadic farms in the area. The flock shows severe clinical signs (lameness, vesicles on the tendon pad, chewing habit, frothy salivation). Death has occurred in the neonates until now.
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Cattle: 120 / 40 / 20 / - / - / -
5. Hadidiya
Started: 20 Dec 2021
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Tubas
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: A nomadic farm 200 meters away from the 1st outbreak; this farm was vaccinated in response to the 1st outbreak but clinical signs started to appear on 20 Dec 2021; there are common grazing activities in this area. All dead animals are newborns and young animals in the flock; the clinical picture is still developing.
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Sheep & goats (mixed herd): 590 / 20 / 12 / - / - / -
6. Al-Bqaiaa/Humsah southeast Nablus District border
Started: 25 Dec 2021
1st administrative division: West Bank; 2nd administrative division: Tubas
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Description of the affected population: Another nomadic farm in the same area but in Nablus governorate, southeast border to Tubas governorate. There is a common grazing area with the last 2 outbreaks, and has not been vaccinated in the last 2 years. The flock shows severe clinical signs (lameness, vesicles on the tendon pad, lesion in the coronary band region). Death in the suckling lambs occurred.
Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered / Vaccinated
Sheep: 1200 / 250 / 2 / - / - / -
The event is ongoing. The epidemiological situation remains unchanged since the last report
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Communicated by:
ProMED
[Though the total number of outbreaks presented in the WOAH report is 6 (in 5 locations), according to the media and unofficial reliable professional sources, FMD has spread throughout the West Bank, affecting a 3-digit number of affected villages (see commentary in 20220421.8702742) and 4-digit mortality figures ("The Palestinian ministry has officially confirmed around 2000 animal deaths as a result of the FMD strain this year (2022). But farmers and the agriculture ministry official said livestock deaths were likely far higher than the acknowledged toll" (https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/palestinian-farmers-sound-alarm-over-foot-and-mouth-outbreak-101654408897561.html). The discrepancy with the WOAH report data may be explained by the latter being restricted to outbreaks which were tested/confirmed by the Central Veterinary Laboratory, PSE National Laboratory.
The FMD event in Israel, which started on 1 Feb 2022, is continuing, mainly in the northern districts. On 30 Jun 2022, the (acting) director of the field veterinary services submitted a circular to practitioners and stakeholders, informing a new suspected outbreak in Ein Ayala (18 km south to Haifa) affecting fattening calves has been lab-confirmed; this is to become Israel's 90th outbreak in the winter-spring of 2022, the largest event since 1981.
According to Israel's follow-up report no. 13, submitted to WOAH on 29 Jun 2022, the 89 outbreaks confirmed so far affected cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. The affected holdings included a total of 77 293 susceptible animals of the 4 species, 4614 clinical cases, and 1006 deaths. The new follow-up report, with a map, is available at https://wahis.woah.org/#/report-info?reportId=56397.
The virus circulating in Israel was found to be identical to the strains in Jordan and the PA, namely, ME-SA PanAsia-2 ANT-10. The immunity conferred by the multivalent vaccine applied in Israel last year (2021) seems to be less than optimal in relation to this strain. In most outbreaks, the morbidity rate was low, though very high mortalities were seen in offspring of sheep and goats. - Mod.AS
ProMED map:
West Bank, Palestinian Territory: https://promedmail.org/promed-post?place=8704159,331]
