Published Date: 2023-08-21 01:05:08 BST
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Oman: (JA) cattle, st SAT-2, WOAH
Archive Number: 20230821.8711772
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - OMAN: (DHOFAR) CATTLE, SEROTYPE SAT-2, WOAH
A ProMED-mail post http://www.promedmail.org
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Date: Sun 20 Aug 2023
Source: Al-Watan - Oman [in Arabic, machine trans., edited]
https://alwatan.com/details/529777
The [Omani] competent veterinary authority at the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources announced on the website of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) the presence of a new strain, "SAT-2," of foot-and-mouth disease [virus] in cows in the Sultanate of Oman.
The notification comes from the commitment of the Sultanate of Oman as a member of the organization and as a measure protocol in reporting animal epidemics at the global level.
Foot-and-mouth disease is considered one of the diseases that affect cows, goats, and sheep, which the ministry fights annually within the national immunization project for animal wealth. It is not considered a common disease that affects humans, and it is not transmitted through the consumption of meat, milk, or other animal products.
Symptoms begin with a high temperature, then watery vesicles form in the tongue, inside the mouth, in the nipples of the udder, and between the hooves. They form an open layer that becomes inflamed; then a fever develops [already mentioned]. The animal becomes exhausted and unable to walk, refrains from eating, may pass out, and [forms] abundant saliva and mucus from the mouth. There are also 7 different strains of the virus; the strain that causes the disease must be identified when disease foci occur, and the vaccine used much match the same strain that causes the disease.
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Communicated by:
ProMED
Date: Thu 17 Aug 2023
Source: WOAH-WAHIS (World Animal Health Information System) [edited]
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/5178
Oman, foot-and-mouth disease virus (inf. with)
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General information
Report type: immediate notification
Start date: 1 Jan 2023
Confirmation date: 28 Mar 2023
Report date: 17 Aug 2023
End date: 28 Jan 2023
Reason for notification: new strain in the country
Last occurrence: -
Causal agent: foot-and-mouth disease virus
Serotype: SAT 2
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
Outbreak location: Salalah Province, Salalah, Dhofar
Date of start of the outbreak:
Epidemiological unit:
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered or killed for commercial use / Vaccinated
Cattle (domestic) / 5100 / 23 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 5100
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Control measures at event level
Domestic control measures applied: traceability, movement control, disinfestation, disinfection, screening, quarantine, surveillance within the restricted zone
Diagnostic test results:
Laboratory name and type / Species / Test / Test date / Result
The Pirbright Institute / cattle / antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (AC-ELISA) / 28 Mar 2023 / positive
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the interactive map included in the WOAH report at the source URL above.]
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Communicated by:
ProMED
[The following paper has a good summary of FMDV serotype distribution and current outbreaks along with a map of serotypes: https://actascientific.com/ASVS/pdf/ASVS-05-0686.pdf.
It's not clear if this SAT-2 outbreak is tied to the recent outbreaks in Iraq and Jordan, or tied to introduction from another source. Oman's last outbreak of SAT-2 was in 2015 (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1135999/Foot_and_Mouth_Disease_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa.pdf). - Mod.JH
ProMED map of Dhofar Governorate, Oman: https://promedmail.org/promed-post?place=8711772,6510]
